Chapter I
Scope of the Convention
Article 1
Personal scope
This Convention shall apply to persons who are residents of one or both of the States.
Article 2
Taxes covered
1. This Convention shall apply to taxes on income and on capital imposed on behalf of each Contracting State or of its political subdivisions or local authorities, irrespective of the manner in which they are levied.
2. There shall be regarded as taxes on income and on capital all taxes imposed on total income, on total capital, or on elements of income or of capital, including taxes on gains from the alienation of movable or immovable property, taxes on the total amounts of wages or salaries paid by enterprises, as well as taxes on capital appreciation.
3. The existing taxes to which the Convention shall apply are, in particular:
(a) in the case of the Netherlands:
– the income tax (de inkomstenbelasting);
– the wage tax (de loonbelasting);
– the company tax (de vennootschapsbelasting);
– the dividend tax (de dividendbelasting);
– the tax on fees of directors of companies (de commissarissenbelasting);
– the capital tax (de vermogensbelasting);
– the land tax (de grondbelasting);
(b) in the case of Luxembourg:
– the income tax on individuals (l’impôt sur le revenu des personnes physiques);
– the company tax (l’impôt sur le revenu des collectivités);
– the special tax on fees of directors of companies (l’impôt spécial sur les tantièmes);
– the capital tax (l’impôt sur la fortune);
– the communal trade tax, including the payroll tax (l’impôt commercial communal, y compris l’impôt sur le total des salaires);
– the land tax (l’impôt foncier).
4. The Convention shall also apply to any identical or substantially similar taxes which are subsequently imposed in addition to, or in place of, the existing taxes. The competent authorities of the States shall notify to each other any substantial changes which have been made in their respective taxation laws.
Chapter II
Definitions
Article 3
General definitions
1. In this Convention, unless the context otherwise requires:
(a) the term “State” means the Netherlands or Luxembourg, as the context requires; the term “States” means the Netherlands and Luxembourg;
(b) the term “the Netherlands” comprises the part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands that is situated in Europe and the part of the seabed and its subsoil under the North Sea, over which the Kingdom of the Netherlands has sovereign rights in conformity with the Convention on the Continental shelf signed at Geneva on April 29th, 1958;
(c) the term “Luxembourg” means the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg;
(d) the term “person” comprises an individual and a company;
(e) the term “company” means any body corporate or any entity which is treated as a body corporate for tax purposes;
(f) the terms “enterprise of a State” and “enterprise of the other State” mean respectively an enterprise carried on by a resident of a State and an enterprise carried on by a resident of the other State;
(g) the term “competent authority” means:
(1) in the case of the Netherlands: the Minister of Finance or his authorized representative;
(2) in the case of Luxembourg: the Ministre du Tresor or his authorized representative.
2. As regards the application of the Convention by either of the States, any term not otherwise defined shall, unless the context otherwise requires, have the meaning which it has under the laws of such State relating to the taxes which are the subject of the Convention.
Article 4
Fiscal domicile
1. For the purposes of this Convention, the term “resident of a State” means any person who, under the law of that State, is liable to taxation therein by reason of his domicile, residence, place of management or any other criterion of a similar nature.
2. For the purposes of this Convention an individual, who is a member of a diplomatic or consular mission of one of the States in the other State or in a third State and who is a national of the sending State, shall be deemed to be a resident of the sending State if he is submitted therein to the same obligations in respect of taxes on income and capital as are residents of that State.
3. Where by reason of the provisions of paragraph 1 an individual is a resident of both States, then the following rules apply:
(a) he shall be deemed to be a resident of the State in which he has a permanent home available to him. If he has a permanent home available to him in both States, he shall be deemed to be a resident of the State with which his personal and economic relations are closest (centre of vital interests);
(b) if the State in which he has his centre of vital interests cannot be determined, or if he has not a permanent home available to him in either State, he shall be deemed to be a resident of the State in which he has an habitual abode;
(c) if he has an habitual abode in both States or in neither of them, he shall be deemed to be a resident of the State of which he is a national;
(d) if he is a national of both States or of neither of them, the competent authorities of the States shall settle the question by mutual agreement.
4. Where by reason of the provisions of paragraph 1 a person other than an individual is a resident of both States, then it shall be deemed to be a resident of the State in which its place of effective management is situated.
Article 5
Permanent establishment
1. For the purposes of this Convention, the term “permanent establishment” means a fixed place of business in which the business of the enterprise is wholly or partly carried on.
2. The term “permanent establishment” shall include especially:
(a) a place of management;
(b) a branch;
(c) an office;
(d) a factory;
(e) a workshop;
(f) a mine, quarry or other place of extraction of natural resources;
(g) a building site or construction or assembly project which exists for more than six months.
3. The term “permanent establishment” shall not be deemed to include:
(a) the use of facilities solely for the purpose of storage, display or delivery of goods or merchandise belonging to the enterprise;
(b) the maintenance of a stock of goods or merchandise belonging to the enterprise solely for the purpose of storage, display or delivery;
(c) the maintenance of a stock of goods or merchandise belonging to the enterprise solely for the purpose of processing by another enterprise;
(d) the maintenance of a fixed place of business solely for the purpose of purchasing goods or merchandise, or for collecting information, for the enterprise;
(e) the maintenance of a fixed place of business solely for the purpose of advertising, for the supply of information, for scientific research or for similar activities which have a preparatory or auxiliary character, for the enterprise.
4. A person acting in one of the States on behalf of an enterprise of the other State — other than an agent of an independent status to whom paragraph 5 applies — shall be deemed to be a permanent establishment in the first-mentioned State if he has, and habitually exercises in that State, an authority to conclude contracts in the name of the enterprise, unless his activities are limited to the purchase of goods or merchandise for the enterprise.
5. An enterprise of one of the States shall not be deemed to have a permanent establishment in the other State merely because it carries on business in that other State through a broker, general commission agent or any other agent of an independent status, where such persons are acting in the ordinary course of their business.
6. The mere fact that a company which is a resident of one of the States controls or is controlled by a company which is a resident of the other State, or which carries on business in that other State (whether through a permanent establishment or otherwise), shall not of itself constitute either company a permanent establishment of the other.
Chapter III
Taxation of income
Article 6
Income from immovable property
1. Income from immovable property may be taxed in the State in which such property is situated.
2. The term “immovable property” shall be defined in accordance with the law of the State in which the property in question is situated. The term shall in any case include property accessory to immovable property, livestock and equipment used in agriculture and forestry, rights to which the provisions of general law respecting landed property apply, usufruct of immovable property and rights to variable or fixed payments as consideration for the working of, or the right to work, mineral deposits, sources and other natural resources; ships, boats and aircraft shall not be regarded as immovable property.
3. The provisions of paragraph 1 shall apply to income derived from the direct use, letting, or use in any other form of immovable property.
4. The provisions of paragraphs 1 and 3 shall also apply to the income from immovable property of an enterprise and to income from immovable property used for the performance of professional services.
Article 7
Business profits
1. The profits of an enterprise of one of the States shall be taxable only in that State unless the enterprise carries on business in the other State through a permanent establishment situated therein. If the enterprise carries on business as aforesaid, the profits of the enterprise may be taxed in the other Contracting State but only so much of them as is attributable to that permanent establishment.
2. Where an enterprise of one of the States carries on business in the other State through a permanent establishment situated therein, there shall in each State be attributed to that permanent establishment the profits which it might be expected to make if it were a distinct and separate enterprise engaged in the same or similar activities under the same or similar conditions and dealing wholly independently with the enterprise of which it is a permanent establishment.
3. In the determination of the profits of a permanent establishment, there shall be allowed as deductions expenses which are incurred for the purposes of the permanent establishment including executive and general administrative expenses so incurred, whether in the State in which the permanent establishment is situated or elsewhere.
4. Insofar as it has been customary in one of the States to determine the profits to be attributed to a permanent establishment on the basis of an apportionment of the total profits of the enterprise to its various parts, nothing in paragraph 2 shall preclude that State from determining the profits to be taxed by such an apportionment as may be customary; the method of apportionment adopted shall, however, be such that the result shall be in accordance with the principles laid down in this Article.
5. No profits shall be attributed to a permanent establishment by reason of the mere purchase by that permanent establishment of goods or merchandise for the enterprise.
6. For the purposes of the preceding paragraphs, the profits to be attributed to the permanent establishment shall be determined by the same method year by year unless there is good and sufficient reason to the contrary.
7. Where profits include items of income which are dealt with separately in other Articles of this Convention, then the provisions of those Articles shall not be affected by the provisions of this Article.
Article 8
Shipping, inland waterways transport and air transport
1. Profits from the operation of ships or aircraft in international traffic shall be taxable in the State in which the place of effective management of the enterprise is situated.
2. Profits from the operation of boats engaged in inland waterways transport shall be taxable in the State in which the place of effective management of the enterprise is situated.
3. If the place of effective management of a shipping enterprise or of an inland waterways transport enterprise is aboard a ship or boat, then it shall be deemed to be situated in the State in which the home harbour of the ship or boat is situated, or, if there is no such home harbour, in the State of which the operator of the ship or boat is a resident.
Article 9
Associated enterprises
Where
(a) an enterprise of one of the States participates directly or indirectly in the management, control or capital of an enterprise of the other State, or
(b) the same persons participate directly or indirectly in the management, control or capital of an enterprise of one of the States and an enterprise of the other State,
and in either case conditions are made or imposed between the two enterprises in their commercial or financial relations which differ from those which would be made between independent enterprises, then any profits which would, but for those conditions, have accrued to one of the enterprises, but, by reason of those conditions, have not so accrued, may be included in the profits of that enterprise and taxed accordingly.
Article 10
Dividends
1. Dividends paid by a company which is a resident of one of the States to a resident of the other State shall be taxable only in that other State.
2. The provisions of paragraph 1 shall not affect the right of each of the States; to impose a tax on dividends paid by a company which is a resident of that State to a resident of the other State. However, the rate of tax shall not exceed:
(a) 2.5% of the gross amount of the dividends if the recipient is a company the capital of which is, wholly or partly, divided into shares or corporate rights assimilated to shares by the taxation law of the other State, which company controls directly at least 25% of the capital of the company paying the dividends;
(b) in all other cases 15% of the gross amount of the dividends.
3. The competent authorities of the State shall by mutual agreement settle the mode of application of paragraph 2.
4. The provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2 shall not affect the taxation of the company in respect of the profits out of which the dividends are paid.
5. The term “dividends” as used in this Article means income from shares, “jouissance” shares or “jouissance” rights, mining shares, founders’ shares or other rights participating in profits, and income from debt-claims giving rights to participate in profits, as well as income from other corporate rights assimilated to income from shares by the taxation law of the State of which the company making the distribution is a resident.
6. The provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2 shall not apply if the recipient of the dividends, being a resident of one of the States, has in the other State, of which the company paying the dividends is a resident, a permanent establishment with which the holding by virtue of which the dividends are paid is effectively connected. In such a case, the provisions of Article 7 shall apply.
7. Where a company which is a resident of one of the States derives profits or income from the other State, that other State may not impose any tax on the dividends paid by the company to persons who are not residents of that other State, or subject the company’s undistributed profits to a tax on undistributed profits, even if the dividends paid or the undistributed profits consist wholly or partly of profits or income arising in such other State.
8. Within a period of five years from the date of the entry into force of this Convention the competent authorities of the States shall consult together to examine whether there is reason to modify the rate mentioned in paragraph 2(a) of this Article.
Article 11
Interest
1. Interest arising in one of the States and paid to a resident of the other State shall be taxable only in that other State.
2. The competent authorities of the States shall by mutual agreement settle the procedure whereby the State in which the interest arises shall waive its right to tax.
3. The term “interest” as used in this Article means income from government securities, bonds or debentures, whether or not secured by mortgage, and debt-claims of every kind as well as all other income assimilated to income from money lent by the taxation law of the State in which the income arises. The term shall not, however, include income from debt-claims carrying a right to participate in profits as referred to in paragraph 5 of Article 10.
4. The provisions of paragraph 1 shall not apply if the recipient of the interest, being a resident of one of the States, has in the other State in which the interest arises a permanent establishment with which the debt-claim from which the interest arises is effectively connected. In such a case, the provisions of Article 7 shall apply.
5. Where, owing to a special relationship between the payer and the recipient or between both of them and some other person, the amount of the interest paid, having regard to the debt-claim for which it is paid, exceeds the amount which would have been agreed upon by the payer and the recipient in the absence of such relationship, the provisions of this Article shall apply only to the last-mentioned amount. In that case, the excess part of the payments shall remain taxable according to the law of each State, due regard being had to the other provisions of this Convention.
Article 12
Royalties
1. Royalties arising in one of the States and paid to a resident of the other State shall be taxable only in that other State.
2. The competent authorities of the States shall by mutual agreement settle the procedure whereby the State in which the royalties arise, shall waive its right to tax.
3. The term “royalties” as used in this Article means payments of any kind received as a consideration for the use of, or the right to use, any copyright of literary, artistic or scientific work including cinematograph films, any patent, trade mark, design or model, plan, secret formula or process, or for the use of, or the right to use, industrial, commercial, or scientific equipment, or for information concerning industrial, commercial or scientific experience.
4. The provisions of paragraph 1 shall not apply if the recipient of the royalties, being a resident of one of the States, has in the other State in which the royalties arise a permanent establishment with which the right or property giving rise to the royalties is effectively connected. In such a case, the provisions of Article 7 shall apply.
5. Where, owing to a special relationship between the payer and the recipient or between the payer and the recipient or between both of them and some other person, the amount of the royalties paid, having regard to the use, right or information for which they are paid, exceeds the amount which would have been agreed upon by the payer and the recipient in the absence of such relationship, the provisions of this Article shall apply only to the last-mentioned amount. In that case, the excess part of the payments shall remain taxable according to the law of each State, due regard being had to the other provisions of this Convention.
Article 13
Limitation of Articles 10, 11 and 12
International organisations, organs or officials thereof and persons who are members of a diplomatic or consular mission of a third State, being present in one of the States, do not have the right in the other State to a relief or exemption from tax provided in Articles 10, 11 and 12 with respect to dividends, interest and royalties received from that other State if those incomes are not subject to taxes on income in the first-mentioned State.
Article 14
Capital gains
1. Gains from the alienation of immovable property, as defined in paragraph 2 of Article 6, may be taxed in the State in which such property is situated.
2. Gains from the alienation of movable property forming part of the business property of a permanent establishment which an enterprise of one of the States has in the other State or of movable property pertaining to a fixed base available to a resident of one of the States in the other State for the purpose of performing professional services, including such gains from the alienation of such a permanent establishment (alone or together with the whole enterprise) or of such a fixed base, may be taxed in the other State.
3. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 2, gains from the alienation of ships and aircraft operated in international traffic and boats engaged in inland waterways transport, as well as movable property used in the operation of such ships, aircraft and boats may be taxed in the State in which the place of effective management of the enterprise is situated, due regard being had to the provisions of Article 8, paragraph 3.
4. Gains from the alienation of any property other than those mentioned in the preceding paragraphs shall be taxable only in the State of which the alienator is a resident.
5. The provisions of paragraph 4 shall not affect the right of each of the States to levy according to its own law a tax on gains from the alienation of shares, “jouissance” shares or “jouissance” rights in a company, the capital of which is divided into shares and which is a resident of that State or of corporate rights assimilated to shares by the taxation law of that State, derived by an individual who is a resident of the other State and being a national of the first-mentioned State without being a national of the other State, has been a resident of the first-mentioned State in the course of the last five years preceding the alienation of the shares. The rate of tax, however, may not exceed 20%.
Article 15
Independent personal services
1. Income derived by a resident of one of the States in respect of professional services or other independent activities of a similar character shall be taxable only in that State unless he has a fixed base regularly available to him in the other State for the purpose of performing his activities. If he has such a fixed base, the income may be taxed in the other State but only so much of it as is attributable to that fixed base.
2. The term “professional services” includes especially independent scientific, literary, artistic, educational or teaching activities as well as the independent activities of physicians, lawyers, engineers, architects, dentists and accountants.
Article 16
Dependent personal services
1. Subject to the provisions of Articles 17, 19 and 20, salaries, wages and other similar remuneration derived by a resident of one of the States in respect of an employment shall be taxable only in that State unless the employment is exercised in the other State. If the employment is so exercised, such remuneration as is derived therefrom may be taxed in that other State.
2. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 1, remuneration derived by a resident of one of the States in respect of an employment exercised in the other State shall be taxable only in the first-mentioned State if:
(a) the recipient is present in the other State for a period or periods not exceeding in the aggregate 183 days in the fiscal year concerned, and
(b) the remuneration is paid by, or on behalf of, an employer who is not a resident of the other State, and
(c) the remuneration is not borne by a permanent establishment or a fixed base which the employer has in the other State.
3. Notwithstanding the preceding provisions of this Article, remuneration derived by a resident of one of the States in respect of an employment exercised aboard a ship or aircraft in international traffic or aboard a boat engaged in inland waterways transport shall be taxable only in that State.
Article 17
Directors’ fees
1. Director’s fees, attendance fees and similar payments derived by a resident of the Netherlands in his capacity as a member of the “conseil d’administration” or of the “conseil de surveillance” of a company which is a resident of Luxembourg may be taxed in Luxembourg.
2. Directors’ fees, attendance fees and similar payments derived by a resident of Luxembourg in his capacity as a “bestuurder” or a “commissaris” of a company which is a resident of the Netherlands may be taxed in the Netherlands.
Article 18
Artistes and athletes
Notwithstanding the provisions of Articles 15 and 16, income and gains derived by public entertainers, such as theatre, motion picture, radio or television artistes, and musicians, and by athletes, from their personal activities as such may be taxed in the State in which these activities are exercised.
Article 19
Pensions
Subject to the provisions of paragraph 1 of Article 20, pensions and other similar remuneration paid to a resident of one of the States in consideration of past employment shall be taxable only in that State.
Article 20
Governmental functions
1. Remuneration, including pensions, paid by or out of funds created by one of the States, its political subdivisions, local authorities or other public entities thereof, to any individual in respect of services rendered to that State, a political subdivision, a local authority or other public entity thereof in the discharge of functions of a governmental nature, may be taxed in that State.
2. The provisions of Articles 16, 17 and 19 shall, however, apply to remuneration or pensions in respect of services rendered in connection with any trade or business carried on by one of the States, a political subdivision, a local authority or other public entity thereof.
Article 21
Other items of income
Items of income of a resident of one of the States other than those to which the provisions of the foregoing Articles of this Convention apply shall be taxable only in that State.
Chapter IV
Taxation of capital
Article 22
1. Capital represented by immovable property, as defined in paragraph 2 of Article 6, may be taxed in the State in which such property is situated.
2. Capital represented by movable property forming part of the business property of a permanent establishment of an enterprise, or by movable property pertaining to a fixed base used for the performance of professional services, may be taxed in the State in which the permanent establishment or fixed base is situated.
3. Ships and aircraft operated in international traffic and boats engaged in inland waterways transport, and movable property used in the operation of such ships, aircraft and boats, may be taxed in the State in which the place of effective management of the enterprise is situated, due regard being had to the provisions of paragraph 3 of Article 8.
4. All other elements of capital of a resident of one of the States shall be taxable only in that State.
Chapter V
Methods for elimination of double taxation
Article 23
1. The Netherlands, when imposing tax on its residents may include in the basis upon which such taxes are imposed the items of income or capital, which according to the provisions of this Convention may be taxed in Luxembourg.
2. Without prejudice to the application of the provisions concerning the compensation of losses in the unilateral regulations for the avoiding of double taxation the Netherlands shall allow a deduction from the amount of tax computed in conformity with the first paragraph of this Article equal to such part of that tax which bears the same proportion to the aforesaid tax, as the amount of the income or capital which may be taxed in Luxembourg according to the Articles 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, paragraph 6, 11, paragraph 4, 12, paragraph 4, 14, paragraphs 1, 2 and 3, 15, 16, paragraph 1, 17, paragraph 1, 18, 20 and 22, paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 of this Convention bears to the amount of income or capital which forms the basis meant in the first paragraph of this Article.
The Netherlands shall allow a deduction from the Netherlands tax so computed for such items of income, as may be taxed in Luxembourg according to Article 10 paragraph 2 and are included in the basis mentioned in the first paragraph of this Article.
The amount of this deduction shall be the lesser of the following amounts:
(a) the amount equal to the Luxembourg tax;
(b) the amount of the Netherlands tax on the said items of income which bears the same proportion to the amount of tax computed in conformity with the first paragraph of this Article, as the amount of the said items of income bears to the amount of income which forms the basis meant in the first paragraph of this Article.
3. Where a resident of Luxembourg derives income or owns capital which, in accordance with the provisions of this Convention, may be taxed in the Netherlands, Luxembourg shall, subject to the provisions of paragraph four, exempt such income or capital from tax. It may, however, in calculating tax on the remaining income or capital of that person, apply the rate of tax which would have been applicable if the exempted income or capital had not been so exempted. This exemption, however, shall not apply to income derived from an alienation as meant in paragraph 5 of Article 14.
4. Where a resident of Luxembourg derives income which, in accordance with the provisions of Article 10, paragraph 2, may be taxed in the Netherlands, Luxembourg shall allow as a deduction from the tax on the income of that person an amount equal to the tax paid in the Netherlands. Such deduction shall not, however, exceed that part of the tax, as computed before the deduction is given, which is appropriate to the income derived from the Netherlands.
5. Dividends paid by a company which is a resident of the Netherlands to a company which is a resident of Luxembourg shall be exempt from Luxembourg tax only to the extent allowed by the national law of Luxembourg if both companies had been resident of that State. In that case the provisions of the foregoing paragraph shall not apply.
6. Where a resident of one of the States derives gains which, in accordance with the provisions of Article 14 paragraph 5, may be taxed in the other State, that other State shall allow as a deduction from the tax on such gains an amount equal to the tax which is paid in the first-mentioned State in connection with such gains.
Chapter VI
Special provisions
Article 24
Non-discrimination
1. The nationals of one of the States, whether they are residents of that State or not, shall not be subjected in the other State to any taxation or any requirement connected therewith which is other or more burdensome than the taxation and connected requirements to which nationals of that other State in the same circumstances are or may be subjected.
2. The term “nationals” means:
(a) all individuals possessing the nationality of one of the States;
(b) all legal persons, companies and associations deriving their status as such from the law in force in one of the States.
3. The taxation on a permanent establishment which an enterprise of one of the States has in the other State shall not be less favourably levied in that other State than the taxation levied on enterprises of that other State carrying on the same activities.
This provision shall not be construed as obliging one of the States to grant to residents of the other State any personal allowances, reliefs and reductions for taxation purposes on account of civil status or family responsibilities which it grants to its own residents.
4. Enterprises of one of the States, the capital of which is wholly or partly owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by one or more residents of the other State, shall not be subjected in the first-mentioned State to any taxation or any requirement connected therewith which is other or more burdensome than the taxation and connected requirements to which other similar enterprises of that first-mentioned State are or may be subjected.
Article 25
Mutual agreement procedure
1. Where a resident of one of the States considers that the actions of one or both of the States result or will result for him in taxation not in accordance with this Convention, he may, notwithstanding the remedies provided by the national laws of those States, present his case to the competent authority of the State of which he is a resident.
2. The competent authority shall endeavour, if the objection appears to it to be justified and if it is not itself able to arrive at an appropriate solution, to resolve the case by mutual agreement with the competent authority of the other State, with a view to the avoidance of taxation not in accordance with this Convention.
3. The competent authorities of the States shall endeavour to resolve by mutual agreement any difficulties or doubts arising as to the interpretation or application of this Convention. They may also consult together for the elimination of double taxation in cases not provided for in this Convention.
4. The competent authorities of the States may communicate with each other directly for the purpose of reaching an agreement in the sense of the preceding paragraphs.
Article 26
Exchange of information
1. The competent authorities of both States shall exchange such information as is necessary for the carrying out of this Convention, in particular for the prevention of fraud and the evasion of taxes. The competent authorities are not obliged to supply information which cannot be given on the basis of data in their possession but would necessitate extensive enquiries. Any information so exchanged shall be treated as secret and shall not be disclosed to any persons or authorities other than those concerned with the assessment or collection of the taxes which are the subject of this Convention.
2. In no case shall the provisions of paragraph 1 be construed so as to impose on one of the States the obligation:
(a) to carry out administrative measures at variance with the laws or the administrative practice of that or of the other State;
(b) to supply particulars which are not obtainable under the laws or in the normal course of the administration of that or of the other State;
(c) to supply information which would disclose any commercial, business, industrial, or professional secret or trade process, or information, the disclosure of which would be contrary to public policy (ordre public).
Article 27
Students
Payments which a student or business apprentice, who is, or was a resident of one of the States and who is present in the other State solely for the purpose of his education or training, receives for the purpose of his maintenance, education or training shall not be taxed in that other State, provided that such payments are made to him from sources outside that other State.
Article 28
Diplomatic and consular officials
Nothing in this Convention shall affect the fiscal privileges of diplomatic or consular officials under the general rules of international law or under the provisions of special agreements.
Article 29
Exclusion of certain companies
This Convention shall not apply to holding companies (Sociétés Holding) within the meaning of the special Luxembourg laws (currently the Acts of July 31, 1929 and December 27, 1937). Neither shall it apply to income, derived from such holding companies by a resident of the Netherlands nor to shares or other rights in the capital of such companies, belonging to such a person.
Article 30
Territorial extension
1. This Convention may be extended, either in its entirety or with any necessary modifications, to either or both countries of Surinam or the Netherlands Antilles, if the country concerned imposes taxes substantially similar in character to those to which this Convention applies. Any such extension shall take effect from such date and subject to such modifications and conditions, including conditions as to termination, as may be specified and agreed between the States in notes to be exchanged through diplomatic channels.
2. Unless otherwise agreed by both States the denunciation of the Convention by one of them under Article 32 shall not also terminate the application of the Convention to any country to which it has been extended under this Article.
Chapter VII
Final provisions
Article 31
Entry into force
1. This Convention shall be ratified and the instruments of ratification shall be exchanged at Luxembourg as soon as possible.
2. This Convention shall enter into force upon the exchange of instruments of ratification and its provisions shall have effect for taxable years and periods beginning on or after January 1, 1967.
Article 32
Termination
This Convention shall remain in force until denounced by one of the High Contracting Parties. Either Party may denounce the Convention, through diplomatic channels, by giving notice of termination at least six months before the end of any calendar year after the year 1972.
In such event the Convention shall cease to have effect for taxable years and periods beginning after the end of the calendar year in which the notice of denunciation has been given.
In witness whereof the above-mentioned Plenipotentiaries have signed this Convention and have fixed their seals thereto.
Done in duplicate, this day of 8th May 1968, at The Hague in the Dutch and French languages, both texts being equally authentic.
PROTOCOL
At the moment of signing the Convention between the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, for the avoidance of double taxation and for the prevention of fiscal evasion with respect to taxes on income and on capital, the Plenipotentiaries who have signed this Protocol, have agreed that the following provisions shall form an integral part of the Convention:
I. Ad Article 4
Individuals living aboard a ship without any real residence in either of the States shall be deemed to be residents of the State in which the ship has its home harbour.
II. Ad Article 4
The provisions of Article 4 paragraph 2 shall not apply to honorary consuls.
III. Ad Articles 10, 11 and 12
Applications for the restitution of tax levied contrary to the provisions of the Articles 10, 11 and 12 have to be lodged with the competent authority of the State having levied the tax within a period of three years after the expiration of the calendar year in which the tax has been levied.
IV. Ad Article 16
For the purposes of the application of Article 16 paragraph 1, members of the “conseil d’administration” or of the “conseil de surveillance” of a company which is a resident of Luxembourg, as well as “bestuurders” and “commissarissen” of a company which is a resident of the Netherlands shall be deemed to perform their activities in Luxembourg respectively in the Netherlands.
The provisions of paragraph 2 of that Article will not apply.
V. Ad Article 23
It is to be understood that with respect to the Netherlands income tax or company tax, the basis meant in paragraph 1 of Article 23 is the total adjusted net income (onzuivere inkomen) or the profits within the meaning of the Netherlands laws with respect to income tax, respectively company tax.
VI. Ad Article 26
The obligations to exchange information do not include information obtained from banks or from institutions assimilated therewith. The term “institutions assimilated therewith” means i.e. insurance companies.
Done in duplicate, this 8th day of May 1968, at The Hague in the Dutch and French languages, both texts being equally authentic.
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